Funso: Ndakhala ndikuvutikira kuti ndimvetsetse momwe utali wa bend (monga ndidanenera) muzosindikiza umakhudzana ndi kusankha zida.Mwachitsanzo, pakadali pano tili ndi zovuta ndi magawo ena opangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo cha 0.5 ″ A36.Timagwiritsa ntchito nkhonya za 0.5 ″ m'mimba mwake pazigawo izi.radius ndi 4 inchi.kufa.Tsopano ngati ndigwiritsa ntchito lamulo la 20% ndikuchulukitsa ndi mainchesi 4.Ndikawonjezera kufa ndi 15% (kwachitsulo), ndimapeza mainchesi 0.6.Koma wogwiritsa ntchito amadziwa bwanji kugwiritsa ntchito nkhonya ya 0.5 ″ yozungulira pomwe kusindikiza kumafuna utali wopindika wa 0.6 ″?
Yankho: Munatchulapo chimodzi mwazovuta zazikulu zomwe makampani opanga zitsulo amakumana nazo.Awa ndi malingaliro olakwika omwe mainjiniya ndi masitolo opanga zinthu ayenera kulimbana nawo.Kuti tikonze izi, tiyamba ndi zomwe zimayambitsa, njira ziwiri zopangira, komanso osamvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pawo.
Kuyambira pakubwera makina opindika m'zaka za m'ma 1920 mpaka lero, ogwira ntchito apanga magawo okhala ndi mapindikira pansi kapena maziko.Ngakhale kupindika pansi kwachoka m'mafashoni kwa zaka 20 mpaka 30 zapitazi, njira zopindika zimalowabe m'malingaliro athu tikamapinda zitsulo.
Zida zogaya zolondola zidalowa pamsika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 ndikusintha mawonekedwe.Ndiye tiyeni tiwone m'mene zida zolondola zimasiyanirana ndi zida zamapulaneti, momwe kusintha kwa zida zosinthira kusinthira mafakitale, komanso momwe zimakhudzira funso lanu.
M'zaka za m'ma 1920, kuumba kunasintha kuchoka ku ma disc brake creases kupita ku V-mafa okhala ndi nkhonya zofanana.Punch ya 90 degree idzagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kufa kwa 90.Kusintha kuchokera ku kupindana kupita ku kupanga kunali sitepe yaikulu yopita patsogolo kwa mapepala achitsulo.Zimayenda mwachangu, mwina chifukwa chopindika chatsopanocho chimayendetsedwa ndimagetsi - sikumapindikanso pamanja bend iliyonse.Komanso, mbale ananyema akhoza kupindika kuchokera pansi, amene bwino zolondola.Kuphatikiza pa ma backgauges, kulondola kowonjezereka kungabwere chifukwa chakuti nkhonya imakankhira ma radius ake munjira yopindika yamkati mwazinthuzo.Izi zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito nsonga ya chida ku makulidwe azinthu zochepa kuposa makulidwe azinthu.Tonse tikudziwa kuti ngati titha kukwaniritsa utali wamkati wa bend, titha kuwerengera zolondola pakuchotsa bend, ma bend allowance, kuchepetsa kunja ndi K factor ngakhale tikuchita mtundu wanji wa bend.
Nthawi zambiri mbali zake zimakhala zakuthwa kwambiri mkati mwa bend radii.Opanga, opanga ndi amisiri adadziwa kuti gawoli likhalabe chifukwa chilichonse chikuwoneka kuti chamangidwanso - ndipo kwenikweni chinali, osachepera poyerekeza ndi lero.
Zonse nzabwino mpaka china chake chabwino chibwere.Chotsatira chotsatira chinabwera chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 ndikuyambitsa zida zapansi zolondola, zowongolera manambala apakompyuta, ndi zowongolera zapamwamba zama hydraulic.Tsopano muli ndi ulamuliro wonse pa atolankhani ananyema ndi machitidwe ake.Koma poyambira ndi chida cholondola chomwe chimasintha chilichonse.Malamulo onse opangira magawo abwino asintha.
Mbiri ya mapangidwe ili yodzaza ndi zodumpha ndi malire.Pakudumpha kumodzi, tidachoka ku flex flex radii ya mabuleki a mbale kupita ku yunifolomu flex radii yopangidwa kudzera mu sitamping, priming ndi embossing.(Zindikirani: Kumasulira sikufanana ndi kuponya; mukhoza kufufuza m'madawo kuti mudziwe zambiri. Komabe, m'gawoli ndimagwiritsa ntchito "kupindika pansi" kutanthauza njira zowonetsera ndi zojambula.)
Njirazi zimafuna matani akuluakulu kuti apange zigawozo.Inde, m'njira zambiri izi ndi nkhani zoipa kwa atolankhani brake, chida kapena gawo.Komabe, adakhalabe njira yowonjezereka yopindika zitsulo kwa zaka pafupifupi 60 mpaka makampaniwo adatenga sitepe yotsatira yopita ku airforming.
Ndiye, kupanga mpweya (kapena kupindika mpweya) ndi chiyani?Kodi zimagwira ntchito bwanji poyerekeza ndi kutsika kwapansi?Kudumpha uku kumasinthanso momwe ma radii amapangidwira.Tsopano, m'malo mopondaponda mkati mwa bend, mpweya umapanga "kuyandama" mkati mwa radius monga peresenti ya kutsegulira kwa kufa kapena mtunda wapakati pa zida zofera (onani Chithunzi 1).
Chithunzi 1. Pakupindika kwa mpweya, utali wamkati wa bend umatsimikiziridwa ndi m'lifupi mwake, osati nsonga ya nkhonya.Radiyo "imayandama" mkati mwa m'lifupi mwa mawonekedwe.Kuphatikiza apo, kuzama kolowera (osati ngodya ya kufa) kumatsimikizira mbali ya bend ya workpiece.
Zomwe timafotokozera ndi chitsulo chochepa cha alloy carbon cholimba cha 60,000 psi komanso ma radius opangira mpweya pafupifupi 16% ya dzenje.Peresenti imasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa zinthu, fluidity, chikhalidwe ndi zina.Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa pepala zitsulo palokha, maperesenti ananeneratu sadzakhala angwiro.Komabe, ndi zolondola kwambiri.
Mpweya wofewa wa aluminiyamu umapanga utali wozungulira wa 13% mpaka 15% wa kutsegulira kwa kufa.Zinthu zoziziritsa zotentha komanso zopaka mafuta zimakhala ndi utali wozungulira wa mpweya wa 14% mpaka 16% wa kufa.Chitsulo chozizira (mphamvu yathu yokhazikika ndi 60,000 psi) imapangidwa ndi mpweya mkati mwa 15% mpaka 17% ya kufa.304 stainless steel airforming radius ndi 20% mpaka 22% ya dzenje.Apanso, maperesentiwa ali ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa zida.Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwazinthu zina, mutha kufananiza mphamvu zake zolimba ndi 60 KSI mphamvu zamakasitomala zazinthu zathu zofotokozera.Mwachitsanzo, ngati zinthu zanu zili ndi mphamvu zolimba za 120-KSI, chiwerengerocho chiyenera kukhala pakati pa 31% ndi 33%.
Tinene kuti chitsulo chathu cha kaboni chili ndi mphamvu zolimba za 60,000 psi, makulidwe a mainchesi 0.062, ndi zomwe zimatchedwa utali wamkati wa 0.062 mainchesi.Pindani pa V-hole ya 0.472 kufa ndipo zotsatira zake ziziwoneka motere:
Chifukwa chake mkati mwa bend radius yanu idzakhala 0.075 ″ yomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kuwerengera ma bend allowance, K factor, kukokera mkati ndikugwada ndikuchotsa molondola, mwachitsanzo, ngati woyendetsa ma brake akugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyenera ndikupanga magawo ozungulira zida zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito ali. ntchito.
Mu chitsanzo, wogwiritsa ntchito 0.472 mainchesi.Kutsegula sitampu.Wogwira ntchitoyo adalowa muofesi nati, "Houston, tili ndi vuto.Ndi 0.075.Impact radius?Zikuwoneka kuti tili ndi vuto;tipita kuti kuti tikatenge mmodzi wa iwo?Chapafupi kwambiri chomwe tingapeze ndi 0.078."kapena 0.062 mainchesi.0.078 in. Punch radius ndi yayikulu kwambiri, inchi 0.062. Utali wa nkhonya ndiwochepa kwambiri."
Koma uku ndi kusankha kolakwika.Chifukwa chiyani?Utali wa nkhonya supanga utali wopindika wamkati.Kumbukirani, sitikulankhula za kusinthasintha kwapansi, inde, nsonga ya womenya ndiyomwe imasankha.Tikukamba za mapangidwe a mpweya.Kutalika kwa matrix kumapanga radius;nkhonya ndi chinthu chongokankha.Komanso dziwani kuti mbali ya kufa sikukhudza utali wamkati wa bend.Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito matrices achimake, owoneka ngati V, kapena mayendedwe;ngati onse atatu ali ndi kukula kofanana kwa kufa, mudzapeza utali wofanana wa mkati.
Utali wa nkhonya umakhudza zotsatira zake, koma sizomwe zimatsimikizira utali wa bend.Tsopano, ngati mupanga nkhonya yokulirapo kuposa utali woyandama, gawolo litenga utali wokulirapo.Izi zikusintha malipiro a bend, contraction, K factor, ndi kuchotsera bend.Chabwino, imeneyo si njira yabwino kwambiri, sichoncho?Mukumvetsa - iyi si njira yabwino kwambiri.
Nanga bwanji ngati tigwiritsa ntchito mainchesi 0.062?utali wa dzenje?Kugunda uku kudzakhala kwabwino.Chifukwa chiyani?Chifukwa, makamaka mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zopangidwa kale, zimakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi "malo oyandama" amkati opindika.Kugwiritsa ntchito nkhonya iyi mu pulogalamuyi kuyenera kupereka kupindika kokhazikika komanso kokhazikika.
Moyenera, muyenera kusankha nkhonya yomwe imayandikira, koma osapitilira, mawonekedwe a gawo loyandama.Kuchepa kwa nkhonya kumagwirizana ndi utali wopindika woyandama, m'pamenenso mapindikirawo amakhala osakhazikika komanso odziwikiratu, makamaka ngati mutha kupinda kwambiri.Zikhome zopapatiza kwambiri zimaphwanya zinthuzo ndikupanga mapindikira akuthwa osakhazikika komanso obwerezabwereza.
Anthu ambiri amandifunsa chifukwa makulidwe a zinthuzo amangofunika posankha dzenje lakufa.Maperesenti omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polosera utali wopangira mpweya amalingalira kuti nkhungu yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ili ndi pobowo yoyenerera makulidwe a zinthuzo.Ndiye kuti, dzenje la matrix silidzakhala lalikulu kapena laling'ono kuposa momwe limafunira.
Ngakhale mutha kuchepetsa kapena kukulitsa kukula kwa nkhungu, ma radii amatha kupunduka, kusintha magwiridwe antchito ambiri.Mutha kuwonanso zotsatira zofananira ngati mugwiritsa ntchito molakwika utali wozungulira.Chifukwa chake, poyambira bwino ndi lamulo la chala chachikulu kusankha chotsegula chakufa kuwirikiza kasanu ndi makulidwe azinthu.
Zikafika bwino, mainjiniya azibwera kushopu ndikulankhula ndi woyendetsa mabuleki.Onetsetsani kuti aliyense amadziwa kusiyana pakati pa njira zoumba.Dziwani njira zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito komanso zida zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito.Pezani mndandanda wa nkhonya zonse ndi imfa zomwe ali nazo, ndipo kenaka pangani gawolo motengera chidziwitsocho.Kenako, muzolembazo, lembani nkhonya ndikufa zofunika pakukonza koyenera kwa gawolo.Zachidziwikire, mutha kukhala ndi zovuta zomwe mukuyenera kusintha zida zanu, koma izi ziyenera kukhala zosiyana osati lamulo.
Othandizira, ndikudziwa kuti nonse ndinu odzikuza, inenso ndinali m'modzi wa iwo!Koma apita masiku omwe mutha kusankha zida zomwe mumakonda.Komabe, kuuzidwa chida chomwe mungagwiritse ntchito popanga mbali sizikuwonetsa luso lanu.Ndi nkhani chabe ya moyo.Tsopano tapangidwa ndi mpweya wochepa thupi ndipo sitilinso odekha.Malamulo asintha.
FABRICATOR ndiye magazini otsogola opanga zitsulo ku North America.Magaziniyi imasindikiza nkhani, zolemba zamakono komanso mbiri yakale zomwe zimathandiza opanga kupanga ntchito yawo bwino.FABRICATOR wakhala akutumikira makampani kuyambira 1970.
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Myron Elkins alowa nawo The Maker podcast kuti alankhule za ulendo wake kuchokera ku tawuni yaying'ono kupita ku wowotchera fakitale…
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-04-2023